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Volume 41 Issue 10
Oct.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Clinical Hepatology  > 2025  >  41(10): 2013-2021

An analysis of the disease burden of acute viral hepatitis in China and globally from 1990 to 2021

DOI: 10.12449/JCH251010
  • 1.

    Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease，Nanjing Second Hospital，Clinical Teaching Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School，Nanjing 210003，China

  • 2.

    Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease，Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine，Nanjing 210003，China

  • 3.

    Department of Gastroenterology，Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School，Nanjing 210003，China

Research funding:

Jiangsu Provincial Innovation Center for Infectious Diseases Research Project (CXZX202232)

More Information
  • Corresponding author: YANG Yongfeng， yangyongfeng@nju.edu.cn （ORCID： 0000-0002-3214-0038）
  • Received Date: 2025-03-19
  • Accepted Date: 2025-05-19
  • Published Date: 2025-10-25
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To analyze the changing trend of the disease burden of acute viral hepatitis （AVH） globally and in China from 1990 to 2021， and to provide a basis for optimizing prevention and control strategies.  Methods  Related data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database， including incidence rate， mortality rate， and disability-adjusted life years （DALY） for AVH globally and in China from 1990 to 2021， and the patients were divided into groups according to region， age， sex， and type of hepatitis. The Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate average annual percentage change （AAPC） and its 95% confidence interval （CI）.  Results  From 1990 to 2021， there was a tendency of reduction in the age-standardized incidence rate， mortality rate， and DALY rate of AVH globally， with an average annual reduction of 1.02% （95%CI： -1.10% to -0.94%， P<0.001）， 3.97% （95%CI： -4.12% to -3.82%， P<0.001）， and 3.64% （95%CI： -3.84% to -3.44%， P<0.001）， respectively； in China， there was also a tendency of reduction in these indicators， with an average annual reduction of 1.63% （95%CI： -1.70% to -1.57%， P<0.001）， 9.24% （95%CI： -9.51% to -8.97%， P<0.001）， and 7.93% （95%CI： -8.15% to -7.71%， P<0.001）， respectively. In addition， China’s share of the global disease burden of AVH continued to decrease； the proportion of new cases decreased from 24% in 1990 to 15% in 2021， the proportion of deaths decreased from 19% to 4%， and the proportion of DALY decreased from 16% to 4%. From 1990 to 2021 globally， the peaks in the incidence rate， mortality， and DALY of AVH were observed in children under 5 years of age； in China， although the peak incidence rate of the disease was still observed in children under 5 years of age， there was a tendency of increase in the incidence rate of AVH among young adults aged 25 — 29 years in recent years， with the most significant increase in the cases of acute hepatitis B （accounting for 59% of the cases in this age group）， while the disease burden of mortality and DALY mainly affected the middle-aged and elderly populations. The disease burden of AVH in the male population was higher than that in the female population. As for the distribution of disease types， acute hepatitis A was the predominant type of AVH， accounting for 64% globally and 48% in China， whereas acute hepatitis B was the leading cause of mortality and DALY， accounting for 50% of deaths globally， 80% of deaths in China， 47% of DALY globally， and 69% of DALY in China.  Conclusion  There is a tendency of reduction in the disease burden of AVH globally and in China from 1990 to 2021， but there is a tendency of increase in the incidence rate of AVH among young adults in China， especially acute hepatitis B. It is necessary to implement targeted prevention and control strategies.

     

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