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慢性乙型肝炎患者长期抗病毒治疗的心理状态变化及其影响因素分析

钟春秀 汤青云 李冰 尹军花

引用本文:
Citation:

慢性乙型肝炎患者长期抗病毒治疗的心理状态变化及其影响因素分析

DOI: 10.12449/JCH251210
基金项目: 

广东省医学科研基金 (C2022077)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2010年12月22日经由南方医院伦理委员会审批,批号:[2010]伦审字(93)号。所有患者均签署知情同意书。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:钟春秀、尹军花负责课题设计,资料分析,撰写论文;汤青云、李冰参与收集数据,修改论文;钟春秀、尹军花负责拟定写作思路,指导撰写文章并最后定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    尹军花, 576334096@qq.com (ORCID: 0009-0001-8702-8406)

Change in psychological state and its influencing factors in chronic hepatitis B patients during long-term antiviral treatment

Research funding: 

Guangdong Medical Science and Technology Research Fund (C2022077)

More Information
    Corresponding author: YIN Junhua, 576334096@qq.com (ORCID: 0009-0001-8702-8406)
  • 摘要:   目的  旨在通过动态观察长期接受核苷(酸)类药物(NA)抗病毒治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者的抑郁、焦虑及疲劳等心理状态变化,并分析其影响因素,为未来制订个体化心理干预方案提供循证依据。  方法  纳入2020年1月—2022年12月于南方医科大学南方医院感染科门诊随访的118例CHB患者,所有患者均接受NA治疗。采用自评抑郁量表(SDS)、焦虑量表(SAS)及多维疲劳量表(MFI-20)分别于抗病毒治疗前及治疗104周后评估患者的心理状态。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验,计数资料两组间比较采用χ²检验。通过Logistic回归模型探讨疲劳、焦虑、抑郁缓解的独立影响因素。  结果  与治疗前相比,治疗104周后,患者的总疲劳评分[(54.05±13.34)分vs(46.79±13.33)分]、焦虑评分[(48.16±9.18)分vs(34.08±7.36)分]及抑郁评分[(60.27±9.94)分vs(43.69±9.64)分]均出现明显下降(P值均<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,合并肝硬化(OR=0.410,95%CI:0.169~0.995,P=0.049)及有肝癌家族史(OR=0.146,95%CI:0.041~0.525,P=0.003)是患者疲劳缓解的独立危险因素;女性(OR=0.094,95%CI:0.010~0.864,P=0.037)、较低学历(OR=0.155,95%CI:0.028~0.860,P=0.033)及肝癌家族史(OR=0.015,95%CI:0.002~0.109,P<0.001)是焦虑缓解的独立危险因素;女性(OR=0.050,95%CI:0.006~0.391,P=0.004)及肝癌家族史(OR=0.091,95%CI:0.019~0.444,P=0.003)是抑郁缓解的独立危险因素。  结论  CHB患者在长期抗病毒治疗过程中,焦虑、抑郁及疲劳程度总体呈下降趋势,提示抗病毒治疗对心理状态有一定改善作用。然而,女性及有肝癌家族史的患者心理负担更重,应予以重点关注并提供个体化心理干预支持。

     

  • 表  1  CHB患者抗病毒治疗前后疲劳各维度、焦虑水平及抑郁水平变化

    Table  1.   Changes in fatigue dimensions, anxiety, and depression levels before and after antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B

    维度 治疗前 治疗104周后 t P
    总体疲劳(分) 12.16±3.48 10.29±3.35 4.167 <0.001
    躯体疲劳(分) 11.89±3.46 10.25±3.79 3.486 0.001
    活动减少(分) 11.39±3.15 9.78±3.22 3.838 <0.001
    动机减少(分) 8.86±2.65 7.75±2.74 2.906 0.028
    心理疲劳(分) 9.74±3.62 8.72±3.47 2.230 0.004
    疲劳总分(分) 54.05±13.34 46.79±13.33 4.044 <0.001
    焦虑程度(分) 48.16±9.18 34.08±7.36 13.149 <0.001
    抑郁程度(分) 60.27±9.94 43.69±9.64 13.872 <0.001
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  CHB患者抗病毒治疗后疲劳缓解的相关因素

    Table  2.   Factors associated with fatigue alleviation after antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B

    变量 疲劳未缓解组(n=40) 疲劳缓解组(n=78) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 48.09±7.85 48.34±8.91 t=-0.149 0.882
    性别[例(%)] χ2=0.004 0.952
    33(82.5) 64(82.1)
    7(17.5) 14(17.9)
    身高(cm) 167.97±5.78 167.76±6.19 t=0.177 0.860
    体重(kg) 64.61±8.90 63.95±13.04 t=0.278 0.781
    婚姻[例(%)] χ2=0.013 0.993
    未婚 7(17.5) 13(16.7)
    已婚 31(77.5) 61(78.2)
    离异 2(5.0) 4(5.1)
    肝硬化[例(%)] χ2=5.028 0.025
    17(42.5) 50(64.1)
    23(57.5) 28(35.9)
    学历[例(%)] χ2=2.128 0.345
    本科及以上 4(10.0) 12(15.4)
    初中和高中 23(57.5) 34(43.6)
    小学及以下 13(32.5) 32(41.0)
    肝癌家族史[例(%)] χ2=13.955 <0.001
    28(70.0) 74(94.9)
    12(30.0) 4(5.1)
    活动性吸烟[例(%)] χ2=0.007 0.936
    29(72.5) 56(71.8)
    11(27.5) 22(28.2)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  CHB患者抗病毒治疗后疲劳缓解的单因素和多因素分析

    Table  3.   Univariate and multivariate analysis of fatigue alleviation after antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients

    变量 单因素分析 多因素分析
    OR 95%CI P OR 95%CI P
    年龄 1.003 0.959~1.050 0.881 0.997 0.943~1.055 0.918
    性别(男=0,女=1) 1.031 0.379~2.803 0.952 0.792 0.197~3.178 0.742
    身高 0.994 0.932~1.060 0.858 0.980 0.890~1.079 0.680
    体重 0.995 0.963~1.028 0.780 1.002 0.958~1.048 0.933
    婚姻(未婚=0,已婚=1,离异=2) 1.030 0.548~1.936 0.926 0.990 0.441~2.225 0.981
    肝硬化(无=0,有=1) 0.414 0.190~0.902 0.026 0.410 0.169~0.995 0.049
    学历(本科=0,初中和高中=1,小学及以下=2) 1.071 0.610~1.881 0.811 0.968 0.492~1.904 0.926
    肝癌家族史(无=0,有=1) 0.126 0.038~0.424 0.001 0.146 0.041~0.525 0.003
    活动性吸烟(无=0,有=1) 1.036 0.442~2.427 0.936 1.210 0.448~3.268 0.707
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  CHB患者抗病毒治疗后焦虑缓解的相关因素

    Table  4.   Factors associated with anxiety alleviation after antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients

    变量 焦虑未缓解组(n=19) 焦虑缓解组(n=99) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 45.96±8.81 48.71±8.45 t=-1.288 0.200
    性别[例(%)] χ2=5.615 0.018
    12(63.2) 85(85.9)
    7(36.8) 14(14.1)
    身高(cm) 166.33±5.41 168.11±6.12 t=-1.152 0.252
    体重(kg) 63.12±7.93 64.35±12.36 t=-0.397 0.692
    婚姻[例(%)] χ2=0.022 0.989
    未婚 3(15.8) 17(17.2)
    已婚 15(78.9) 77(77.8)
    离异 1(5.3) 5(5.1)
    肝硬化[例(%)] χ2=0.159 0.690
    10(52.6) 57(57.6)
    9(47.4) 42(42.4)
    学历[例(%)] χ2=1.205 0.547
    本科及以上 3(15.8) 13(13.1)
    中学 7(36.8) 50(50.5)
    小学及以下 9(47.4) 36(36.4)
    肝癌家族史[例(%)] χ2=37.979 <0.001
    8(42.1) 94(94.9)
    11(57.9) 5(5.1)
    活动性吸烟[例(%)] χ2=2.247 0.134
    11(57.9) 74(74.7)
    8(42.1) 25(25.3)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  CHB患者抗病毒治疗后焦虑缓解的单因素和多因素分析

    Table  5.   Univariate and multivariate analysis of anxiety alleviation after antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients

    变量 单因素分析 多因素分析
    OR 95%CI P OR 95%CI P
    年龄 1.040 0.980~1.103 0.199 1.085 0.981~1.200 0.111
    性别(男=0,女=1) 0.282 0.095~0.840 0.023 0.094 0.010~0.864 0.037
    身高 1.050 0.966~1.141 0.251 1.067 0.907~1.254 0.435
    体重 1.010 0.962~1.060 0.689 0.984 0.911~1.063 0.675
    婚姻(未婚=0,已婚=1,离异=2) 0.953 0.429~2.116 0.905 0.668 0.108~4.136 0.664
    肝硬化(无=0,有=1) 0.819 0.306~2.192 0.691 0.329 0.060~1.796 0.199
    学历(本科=0,初中和高中=1,小学及以下=2) 0.830 0.396~1.740 0.622 0.155 0.028~0.860 0.033
    肝癌家族史(无=0,有=1) 0.039 0.011~0.139 <0.001 0.015 0.002~0.109 <0.001
    活动性吸烟(无=0,有=1) 0.465 0.168~1.285 0.140 0.296 0.054~1.616 0.160
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  CHB患者抗病毒治疗后抑郁缓解的相关因素

    Table  6.   Factors associated with depression alleviation after antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients

    变量 抑郁未缓解组(n=15) 抑郁缓解组(n=103) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 49.27±9.61 48.11±8.40 t=0.489 0.626
    性别[例(%)] χ2=14.834 <0.001
    7(46.7) 90(87.4)
    8(53.3) 13(12.6)
    身高(cm) 166.57±6.57 168.01±5.97 t=-0.835 0.405
    体重(kg) 62.21±8.96 64.44±12.14 t=-0.661 0.510
    婚姻[例(%)] χ2=1.173 0.556
    未婚 2(13.3) 18(17.5)
    已婚 13(86.7) 79(76.7)
    离异 0(0.0) 6(5.8)
    肝硬化[例(%)] χ2=0.083 0.773
    8(53.3) 59(57.3)
    7(46.7) 44(42.7)
    学历[例(%)] χ2=2.990 0.224
    本科及以上 4(26.7) 12(11.7)
    中学 5(33.3) 52(50.5)
    小学及以下 6(40.0) 39(37.9)
    肝癌家族史[例(%)] χ2=10.250 0.001
    9(60.0) 93(90.3)
    6(40.0) 10(9.7)
    活动性吸烟[例(%)] χ2=0.246 0.620
    10(66.7) 75(72.8)
    5(33.3) 28(27.2)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  CHB患者抗病毒治疗后抑郁缓解的单因素和多因素分析

    Table  7.   Univariate and multivariate analysis of depression alleviation following antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients

    变量 单因素分析 多因素分析
    OR 95%CI P OR 95%CI P
    年龄 0.984 0.923~1.049 0.622 0.978 0.898~1.064 0.602
    性别(男=0,女=1) 0.126 0.039~0.407 0.001 0.050 0.006~0.391 0.004
    身高 1.040 0.949~1.140 0.402 0.950 0.806~1.119 0.538
    体重 1.020 0.964~1.079 0.502 0.986 0.903~1.077 0.760
    婚姻(未婚=0,已婚=1,离异=2) 1.244 0.478~3.233 0.654 2.644 0.590~11.841 0.204
    肝硬化(无=0,有=1) 0.852 0.287~2.527 0.773 0.815 0.199~3.331 0.775
    学历(本科=0,初中和高中=1,小学及以下=2) 1.319 0.599~2.907 0.492 1.095 0.353~3.394 0.875
    肝癌家族史(无=0,有=1) 0.161 0.048~0.547 0.003 0.091 0.019~0.444 0.003
    活动性吸烟(无=0,有=1) 0.747 0.235~2.377 0.621 0.684 0.140~3.337 0.638
    下载: 导出CSV
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