血清HBV RNA对慢性乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗效果的评估价值
DOI: 10.12449/JCH251012
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摘要:
目的 探讨血清HBV RNA在评估慢性乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗中的作用,并探索其作为临床治疗中潜在生物标志物的可能性,以期为慢性乙型肝炎的临床治疗提供科学依据。 方法 纳入2023年4月—2024年5月于昆明医科大学第二附属医院诊断为慢性HBV感染者的134例患者为研究对象。完善HBV DNA、血清HBV RNA、肝功能、HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBeAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc、肝脏瞬时弹性成像等检查。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验;多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验或连续性修正χ2检验。相关性分析采用Pearson相关分析或Spearman相关分析。 结果 134慢性HBV感染者分为HBeAg阳性组(n=45)及HBeAg阴性组(n=89),两组间年龄、HBV DNA阳性率及定量值、血清HBV RNA阳性率及定量值、HBsAg、抗-HBe、ALT比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。在HBeAg阴性组(n=89)的研究队列中,血清HBV RNA阴性(n=14)与阳性(n=75)患者间HBV DNA、HBsAg和GGT水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。HBeAg阳性及阴性组使用抗病毒药物治疗时长≥1个月的患者分别有28例和62例,其中28例HBeAg阳性患者的HBV RNA阳性率达到了100%,62例HBeAg阴性患者的血清HBV RNA阳性率和定量水平在不同治疗时长组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。89例HBeAg阴性组患者中经治疗62例,未治疗27例,两组HBV RNA水平分别为2.07(1.52~2.82)log10 拷贝/mL、2.69(1.80~3.55)log10 拷贝/mL,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.034,P=0.042)。HBeAg阴性组患者的血清HBV RNA仅与HBV DNA、HBsAg存在正相关(P值均<0.05);HBeAg阳性组患者的血清HBV RNA水平与HBV DNA、HBsAg及HBeAg均呈现显著正相关性(P值均<0.05)。 结论 抗病毒治疗可降低病毒载量,在高敏HBV DNA低于检测下限且HBeAg阴性的患者中,血清HBV RNA可填补检测病毒复制的“空白区”。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the role of serum HBV RNA in assessing antiviral therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B, as well as its potential as a biomarker in clinical therapy, and to provide a scientific basis for the clinical treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Methods A total of 134 patients who were diagnosed with chronic HBV infection in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from April 2023 to May 2024 were enrolled as subjects, and related examinations were performed, including HBV DNA, serum HBV RNA, liver function, HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc, and transient elastography of the liver. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison between multiple groups; the chi-square test or the continuity-adjusted chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Pearson correlation analysis or Spearman correlation analysis was performed. Results The 134 patients with chronic HBV infection were divided into HBeAg-positive group with 45 patients and HBeAg-negative group with 89 patients, and there were significant differences between the two groups in age, the positive rate and quantitative value of HBV DNA, the positive rate and quantitative value of serum HBV RNA, HBsAg, anti-HBe, and ALT (all P<0.05). In the cohort study of the HBeAg negative group, there were significant differences in the levels of HBV DNA, HBsAg, and GGT between the serum HBV RNA-negative group with 14 patients and the serum HBV RNA-positive group with 75 patients (all P<0.05). There were 28 patients in the HBeAg-positive group and 62 in the HBeAg-positive group who used antiviral drugs for ≥1 month, and the 28 HBeAg-positive patients had an HBV RNA positive rate of 100%, while for the 62 HBeAg-negative patients, there were significant differences in the positive rate and level of serum HBV RNA between the patients with different durations of medication (both P<0.05). Among the 89 HBeAg-negative patients, there were 62 treatment-experienced patients and 27 treatment-naïve patients, and there was a significant difference between the two groups in HBV RNA level [2.07 (1.52 — 2.82) log10 copies/mL vs 2.69 (1.80 — 3.55) log10 copies/mL, Z=2.034, P=0.042]. For HBeAg-negative patients, serum HBV RNA was positively correlated with HBV DNA and HBsAg (both P<0.05), and for HBeAg-positive patients, serum HBV RNA was significantly positively correlated with HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg (all P<0.05). Conclusion Antiviral therapy can reduce viral load, and for HBeAg-negative patients with high-sensitivity HBV DNA below the lower limit of detection, serum HBV RNA can fill the “gap” in the detection of viral replication. -
Key words:
- Hepatitis B, Chronic /
- RNA, Viral /
- Therapeutics
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表 1 HBeAg 阴性和阳性组的临床特征比较
Table 1. Comparison of clinical characteristics between HBeAg negative and positive groups
项目 HBeAg阴性组(n=89) HBeAg阳性组(n=45) 统计值 P值 性别[例(%)] χ2=0.89 0.346 男 56(62.92) 32(71.11) 女 33(37.08) 13(28.89) 年龄(岁) 41.81±10.57 35.09±9.86 t=3.55 <0.001 BMI(kg/m2) 22.20(20.70~24.31) 22.41(20.70~24.40) Z=-0.41 0.646 家族史[例(%)] 23(25.84) 11(24.44) χ2=0.03 0.861 HBV DNA阳性[例(%)] 39(43.82) 30(66.67) χ2=6.25 0.012 HBV RNA阳性[例(%)] 75(84.27) 45(100.00) χ2=6.31 0.012 HBV DNA(log10 拷贝/mL) 0.71(0.71~2.41) 2.01(0.71~3.82) Z=-2.77 0.006 HBV RNA(log10 拷贝/mL) 2.12(1.52~3.02) 5.14(3.33~6.36) Z=-7.07 <0.001 HBsAg(log10 IU/mL) 2.69(1.72~3.09) 2.97(2.53~3.41) Z=-3.13 0.002 抗-HBs(IU/mL) 0.19(0.16~0.31) 0.24(0.16~0.45) Z=-1.74 0.082 抗-HBe(IU/mL) 99.90(99.70~100.00) 51.30(0.00~60.40) Z=-8.09 <0.001 抗-HBc(IU/mL) 451.49(233.32~625.64) 435.42(230.27~575.79) Z=-0.73 0.462 Alb(g/L) 45.40(43.50~47.00) 44.30(42.70~46.20) Z=-1.56 0.118 ALT(U/L) 25.00(19.00~41.00) 41.00(21.00~50.00) Z=-2.59 0.010 AST(U/L) 26.00(21.25~34.00) 30.00(23.00~37.50) Z=-1.08 0.279 GGT(U/L) 21.50(14.00~37.00) 22.00(15.50~52.00) Z=-0.67 0.499 CHE(U/L) 9 319.50(7 815.30~10 614.50) 8 221.00(6 799.50~9 727.50) Z=-1.93 0.054 TBil(μmol/L) 15.00(10.90~18.92) 13.00(11.85~19.35) Z=-0.52 0.601 合并肝纤维化[例(%)] 45(50.56) 24(53.33) χ2=0.09 0.762 注:HBV DNA=0.71 log10 拷贝/mL提示低于检测下限。
表 2 HBeAg 阴性组中血清HBV RNA阳性率分析
Table 2. Analysis of serum HBV RNA positivity in HBeAg negative group
项目 HBV RNA阴性(n=14) HBV RNA阳性(n=75) 统计值 P值 性别[例(%)] χ2=0.52 0.473 男 10(71.4) 46(61.3) 女 4(28.6) 29(38.7) 年龄(岁) 42.00±11.16 41.77±10.54 t=0.07 0.942 HBV DNA(log10 拷贝/mL) 0.71(0.71~0.71) 0.71(0.71~2.58) Z=-2.18 0.029 HBsAg(log10 IU/mL) 0.48(0.24~1.80) 2.82(1.95~3.11) Z=-3.66 <0.001 抗-HBs(IU/mL) 0.29(0.15~0.75) 0.18(0.12~0.26) Z=-1.76 0.078 抗-HBe(IU/mL) 99.50(59.97~100.00) 99.90(98.00~100.00) Z=-1.21 0.225 抗-HBc(IU/mL) 312.94(151.09~537.40) 468.48(283.24~678.71) Z=-1.68 0.093 Alb(g/L) 44.60(43.55~48.38) 45.40(43.50~46.90) Z=-0.25 0.804 ALT(U/L) 26.50(21.25~43.00) 25.00(17.75~41.00) Z=-0.25 0.474 AST(U/L) 24.00(20.75~45.75) 26.50(21.75~34.00) Z=-0.13 0.897 GGT(U/L) 35.00(20.50~75.75) 20.50(13.00~32.00) Z=-2.20 0.028 注:HBV DNA=0.71 log10 拷贝/mL提示低于检测下限。
表 3 不同治疗时长血清HBV RNA水平
Table 3. Serum HBV RNA levels at different treatment durations
用药时长 例数 HBV RNA阳性率[例(%)] HBV RNA
(log10 拷贝/mL)
HBeAg阳性 28 1~12个月 21 21(100.0) 4.71(3.01~5.91) 13~24个月 4 4(100.0) 3.56(3.00~6.36) >24个月 3 3(100.0) 4.72(3.66~5.78) 统计值 H=0.242 P值 0.886 HBeAg阴性 62 1~12个月 28 25(89.3) 2.63(1.76~3.11) 13~24个月 15 13(86.7) 2.03(0.77~2.79) >24个月 19 12(63.2) 1.12(0.00~2.24) 统计值 χ2=5.991 H=9.212 P值 0.033 0.008 -
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