Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis (2025 edition)
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摘要: 为进一步提高罕见病诊疗规范化水平,保障医疗质量安全,中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会组织对《第二批罕见病目录》中86个病种分别制定了诊疗指南,于2025年6月正式公开发布,其中包括阿拉杰里综合征、α1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症、先天性胆道闭锁、原发性胆汁性胆管炎、原发性硬化性胆管炎等5种罕见肝胆疾病。本文介绍了原发性硬化性胆管炎的病因、流行病学、临床表现、辅助检查、诊断与治疗意见,供临床参考。Abstract: In order to further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases and ensure medical quality and safety, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China developed the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of 86 diseases in the Second List of Rare Diseases, which were officially released in June 2025, including five rare hepatobiliary diseases of Alagille syndrome, α1-antitrypsin deficiency, congenital biliary atresia, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. This article introduces the etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, diagnosis, and treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis, in order to provide a reference for clinical practice.
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Key words:
- Cholangitis, Sclerosing /
- Diagnosis /
- Therapeutics /
- Practice Guideline
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表 1 继发性硬化性胆管炎的病因总结
Table 1. Etiological summary of secondary sclerosing cholangitis
病因 已提出的发病机制 胆总管结石 胆道树存在单个或数个结石引起的继发性狭窄 医源性胆道梗阻 手术或ERCP医疗操作引起的胆道狭窄 复发性化脓性胆管炎 进行性弥散性胆道狭窄,扩张,原位结石形成,常见于东亚地区 CCA 新发癌症,可与PSC的临床表现相似 肝细胞癌累及胆管、壶腹部癌、胆总管旁淋巴结转移压迫 胆道树的损伤和继发性狭窄 门静脉高压性胆道病 肝外门静脉梗阻引起胆管树受压狭窄 缺血性胆管病 胆管树的动脉供血不足 肝脏炎性假瘤 炎症性疾病,可与PSC的胆道造影表现相似 艾滋病相关胆病 感染相关的胆道狭窄,最常见于微小隐孢子虫感染 淀粉样变性 系统性疾病累及胆道树的表现 嗜酸细胞性胆管病 系统性疾病累及胆道树的表现 移植物抗宿主疾病 系统性疾病累及胆道树的表现 组织细胞增多症 系统性疾病累及胆道树的表现 巨细胞性胆管病 系统性疾病累及胆道树的表现 结节病 系统性疾病累及胆道树的表现 动脉内化疗 氟尿嘧啶经肝动脉灌注引起的胆道狭窄 -
[1] National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of 86 rare diseases(2025 edition)[EB/OL].( 2025-06-17)[ 2025-07-10]. https: ∥www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202507/content_7031426.htm. https: ∥www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202507/content_7031426.htm中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 86个罕见病病种诊疗指南(2025年版)[EB/OL].( 2025-06-17)[ 2025-07-10]. https: ∥www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202507/content_7031426.htm. https: ∥www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202507/content_7031426.htm -

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