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中国内脏脂肪指数联合高敏C反应蛋白与消化系统恶性肿瘤发病风险的关联性分析

崔树青 马超 李佳兴 李云鹏 王泽 田菲 纪虹 葛新宇 吴寿岭 马向明

引用本文:
Citation:

中国内脏脂肪指数联合高敏C反应蛋白与消化系统恶性肿瘤发病风险的关联性分析

DOI: 10.12449/JCH250723
基金项目: 

河北省2023年度医学科学研究课题计划 (20230194)

伦理学声明:本研究于2006年1月5日经由开滦总医院伦理委员会审批,批号:200605。所有受试者均已签署知情同意书。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:崔树青负责研究设计,收集数据,统计分析,并撰写文章;马超、李佳兴、李云鹏负责修改文章;王泽、田菲、纪虹、葛新宇负责审阅文章;马向明、吴寿岭负责指导研究,修改文章。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    马向明, brighter_ma@163.com (ORCID: 0009-0005-4182-7244)

Association of Chinese visceral adiposity index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with the risk of digestive malignancies

Research funding: 

2023 Medical Science Research Project Plan of Hebei Province (20230194)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  探究开滦研究人群中中国内脏脂肪指数(CVAI)联合高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与消化系统恶性肿瘤发病风险的关联,为消化系统恶性肿瘤防控提供依据。  方法  采用前瞻性队列研究方法,选取参加2006年度健康体检、既往无癌症病史、CVAI和CRP及相关协变量资料完整的开滦职工94 377例为观察队列。根据CVAI和CRP水平分为4组:低水平CVAI和CRP≤3 mg/L[CVAI(-)CRP(-)]、低水平CVAI和CRP>3 mg/L[CVAI(-)CRP(+)]、高水平CVAI和CRP≤3 mg/L[CVAI(+)CRP(-)]、高水平CVAI和CRP>3 mg/L[CVAI(+)CRP(+)]。正态分布的计量资料组间比较采用方差分析;偏态分布的计量资料组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验。计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。通过Cox比例风险回归模型分别评估CVAI、CRP以及两者联合对消化系统恶性肿瘤发病风险的影响。  结果  4组受试者年龄、男女比例、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、hs-CRP、腰围、体质量指数、婚姻状况、饮酒、吸烟、报告收入、体育锻炼组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。到2021年12月31日随访时间结束,在平均(14.08±2.76)年的随访过程中,共有新发消化系统恶性肿瘤2 043例。Cox比例风险回归模型显示,在调整CRP水平等其他因素后,以CVAI低水平组为对照,高水平组的消化系统恶性肿瘤发病风险增加,HR(95%CI)为1.34(1.23~1.47)。在调整CVAI水平等其他因素后,以CRP≤3 mg/L为对照,CRP>3 mg/L发生消化系统恶性肿瘤的风险增加,HR(95%CI)为1.14(1.02~1.28)。以CVAI(-)CRP(-) (n=40 978)为对照组,CVAI(-)CRP(+) (n=6 210)、CVAI(+)CRP(-) (n=36 502)、CVAI(+)CRP(+) (n=10 687)发生消化系统恶性肿瘤的HR(95%CI)分别为1.05(1.01~1.09)、1.32(1.20~1.45)、1.48(1.28~1.70)(P值均<0.05)。在特定部位的消化系统恶性肿瘤中,发现CVAI(+)CRP(+)增加肝癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、结直肠癌和小肠癌的发病风险,其对应的HR(95%CI)分别为1.35(1.05~1.81)、1.48(1.09~2.00)、1.60(1.07~2.41)、1.76(1.40~2.21)和3.85(1.43~10.33)(P值均<0.05)。  结论  高水平CVAI、高水平CRP,以及高水平CVAI合并高水平CRP都会增加罹患消化系统恶性肿瘤风险,其中高水平CVAI合并高水平CRP风险更高。

     

  • 图  1  亚组分析

    Figure  1.  Subgroup analysis

    表  1  4组参与者临床特征比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of clinical characteristics among the four groups of participants

    项目 CVAI(-)CRP(-)
    n=40 978)
    CVAI(-)CRP(+)
    n=6 210)
    CVAI(+)CRP(-)
    n=36 502)
    CVAI(+)CRP(+)
    n=10 687)
    统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 47.12±11.98 50.01±12.99 54.75±11.30 57.81±11.58 F=3 883.38 <0.001
    男[例(%)] 31 058(75.8) 4 643(74.8) 31 172(85.4) 8 562(80.1) χ2=1 221.17 <0.001
    女[例(%)] 9 920(24.2) 1 567(25.2) 5 330(14.6) 2 125(19.9) χ2=1 221.17 <0.001
    总胆固醇(mmol/L) 4.90±1.09 4.85±1.07 5.01±1.22 5.04±1.19 F=94.49 <0.001
    甘油三酯(mmol/L) 1.06(0.76~1.46) 1.05(0.76~1.46) 1.59(1.11~2.43) 1.61(1.12~2.44) H=2 647.29 <0.001
    高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mmol/L) 1.61±0.40 1.63±0.44 1.48±0.37 1.50±0.41 F=842.06 <0.001
    收缩压(mmHg) 125.4±19.5 126.8±20.7 136.1±20.7 138.4±21.9 F=2 358.80 <0.001
    舒张压(mmHg) 80.97±11.20 81.16±11.66 86.18±11.62 86.35±11.98 F=1 621.65 <0.001
    空腹血糖(mmol/L) 5.27±1.40 5.31±1.64 5.64±1.78 5.84±2.17 F=516.06 <0.001
    hs-CRP(mg/L) 0.44(0.20~0.98) 5.80(3.91~9.22) 0.74(0.33~1.40) 6.10(4.10~6.10) H=9 921.87 <0.001
    腰围(cm) 79.74±6.35 80.36±6.21 93.70±7.23 95.39±8.45 F=33 280.20 <0.001
    BMI(kg/m²) 23.27±2.76 23.28±2.94 26.79±3.09 27.08±3.52 F=11 317.10 <0.001
    婚姻状况(已婚)[例(%)] 38 515(94.0) 5 832(93.9) 34 719(95.1) 9 982(93.4) χ2=70.34 <0.001
    饮酒[例(%)] 16 859(41.1) 2 281(36.7) 10 832(29.7) 3 870(36.2) χ2=1 106.71 <0.001
    吸烟[例(%)] 16 087(39.3) 2 277(36.7) 15 711 (43.0) 3 977(37.2) χ2=208.88 <0.001
    报告收入(≥800元)[例(%)] 2 680(6.5) 373(6.0) 2 520(6.9) 705(6.6) χ2=8.77 <0.001
    体育锻炼[例(%)] χ2=514.25 <0.001
    从不 4 071(9.9) 521(8.4) 2 941(8.1) 744(7.0)
    偶尔 31 360(76.5) 4 912(79.1) 26 801(73.4) 8 200(76.7)
    经常 5 547(13.5) 777(12.5) 6 760(18.5) 1 743(16.3)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  CVAI、hs-CRP水平与消化系统恶性肿瘤发病风险Cox比例风险模型

    Table  2.   Cox proportional hazards model of CVAI and hs-CRP levels and the risk of digestive system malignancies

    组别 例数/总数 发病密度
    (/千人年)
    模型1 模型2 模型3
    HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P
    CVAI1)
    低水平 842/47 188 1.66 1.00 1.00 1.00
    高水平 1 201/47 189 2.50 1.50(1.37~1.64) <0.001 1.41(1.29~1.54) <0.001 1.34(1.23~1.47) <0.001
    hs-CRP2)
    ≤3 mg/L 1 651/77 480 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
    >3 mg/L 392/16 897 2.38 1.16(1.04~1.30) 0.011 1.15(1.03~1.29) 0.013 1.14(1.02~1.28) 0.019

    注:模型1为单因素分析;模型2在模型1的基础上校正了年龄、性别;模型3在模型2的基础上校正了总胆固醇、hs-CRP、BMI、体育活动、教育背景、婚姻状况、吸烟情况、饮酒情况。1)进一步校正hs-CRP水平;2)进一步校正CVAI。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  CVAI联合hs-CRP水平对总体消化系统恶性肿瘤影响的Cox比例风险模型

    Table  3.   Cox proportional hazards model of CVAI combined with hs-CRP levels for overall digestive system malignancies

    组别 例数/总数 发病密度
    (/千人年)
    模型1 模型2 模型3
    HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P
    CVAI(-)CRP(-) 730/40 978 1.65 1.00 1.00 1.00
    CVAI(-)CRP(+) 112/6 210 1.77 1.07(1.04~1.12) <0.001 1.06(1.03~1.10) <0.001 1.05(1.01~1.09) <0.001
    CVAI(+)CRP(-) 921/36 502 2.42 1.48(1.34~1.63) <0.001 1.38(1.25~1.52) <0.001 1.32(1.20~1.45) <0.001
    CVAI(+)CRP(+) 280/10 687 2.77 1.62(1.41~1.86) <0.001 1.56(1.36~1.80) <0.001 1.48(1.28~1.70) <0.001

    注:模型1为单因素分析;模型2在模型1的基础上校正了年龄、性别;模型3在模型2的基础上校正了总胆固醇、hs-CRP、BMI、体育活动、教育背景、婚姻状况、吸烟情况、饮酒情况。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  CVAI联合hs-CRP水平对各个消化系统恶性肿瘤影响的Cox比例风险模型

    Table  4.   Cox proportional hazards model of CVAI combined with hs-CRP levels for various digestive system malignancies

    肿瘤类型 发病例数 CVAI(-)CRP(+) 1) CVAI(+)CRP(-) 1) CVAI(+)CRP(+) 1)
    HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P
    食管癌 198 1.17(0.66~2.05) 0.594 0.98(0.73~1.34) 0.917 0.78(0.46~1.32) 0.363
    胃癌 403 0.81(0.50~1.32) 0.392 1.20(0.96~1.49) 0.108 1.48(1.09~2.00) 0.011
    小肠癌 36 0.85(0.11~6.79) 0.877 2.55(1.11~5.87) 0.028 3.85(1.43~10.33) 0.007
    结直肠癌 737 1.25(1.05~1.30) <0.001 1.50(1.27~1.77) <0.001 1.76(1.40~2.21) <0.001
    肝癌 461 1.14(0.77~1.69) 0.516 1.19(1.01~1.36) 0.048 1.35(1.05~1.81) 0.046
    胆囊及肝外胆管癌 64 0.63(0.15~2.69) 0.532 1.59(0.92~2.74) 0.096 0.96(0.39~2.40) 0.932
    胰腺癌 144 1.44(0.73~2.85) 0.297 1.49(1.03~2.18) 0.036 1.60(1.07~2.41) 0.031

    注:校正因素包括年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟情况、饮酒情况、婚姻情况、家庭收入、教育背景、体育活动、恶性肿瘤家族史。对肝癌增加了HBsAg水平、脂肪肝、肝硬化的调整;对肝外胆管癌、胆囊癌增加了胆结石、胆囊息肉的调整。1)以CVAI(-)CRP(-)为参照进行对比。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  排除1年内患癌及服用降脂药人群的敏感性分析

    Table  5.   Sensitivity analysis excluding people who developed cancer or took lipid-lowering drugs within one year

    因素 例数/总数 发病密度(/千人年) HR(95%CI P
    排除随访1年内患癌者109例
    CVAI(-)CRP(-) 701/40 949 1.58 1.00
    CVAI(-)CRP(+) 104/6 202 1.64 1.02(0.83~1.26) 0.837
    CVAI(+)CRP(-) 879/36 459 2.31 1.31(1.19~1.45) 0.001
    CVAI(+)CRP(+) 251/10 658 2.50 1.39(1.20~1.61) 0.001
    排除服用降脂药者923例
    CVAI(-)CRP(-) 727/40 787 1.65 1.00
    CVAI(-)CRP(+) 112/6 185 1.78 1.06(0.87~1.29) 0.054
    CVAI(+)CRP(-) 900/36 012 2.41 1.30(1.18~1.43) 0.001
    CVAI(+)CRP(+) 273/10 470 2.75 1.46(1.27~1.68) 0.001

    注:校正因素包括年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟情况、饮酒情况、婚姻情况、家庭收入、教育背景、体育活动、恶性肿瘤家族史。

    下载: 导出CSV
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