《2025年亚太肝病学会临床实践指南: 代谢相关脂肪性肝病的诊断和管理》摘译与解读
DOI: 10.12449/JCH250607
Excerpt and interpretation of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in 2025
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摘要: 自2020年亚太肝病学会(APASL)发布代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)的临床实践指南以来,MAFLD的研究进一步深入。因此,APASL在既往指南基础上进行了全面更新和修订,并于2025年2月发布了最新版MAFLD诊断和管理临床实践指南,该指南对MAFLD的流行病学、筛查、评估和治疗等方面进行了全面更新,旨在推动MAFLD临床实践、知识普及和科学研究。本文对指南更新要点进行摘译与解读。Abstract: Since the Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) issued the clinical practice guidelines for metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in 2020, the research on MAFLD has been further deepened. Therefore, APASL has made comprehensive updates and revisions based on the previous guidelines, and the latest version of the clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and management of MAFLD, which was released in February 2025, has updated the epidemiology, screening, assessment, and treatment of MAFLD, aiming to promote the clinical practice, knowledge popularization, and scientific research of MAFLD. This article makes an excerpt and an interpretation of the updated key points of the guidelines.
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注: HbA1c,糖化血红蛋白;FIB-4,纤维化-4指数;NFS,非侵入性肝纤维化评分;ELF,增强肝纤维化;SSI,超声剪切成像;ARFI,声辐射力脉冲;VCTE,振动控制瞬时弹性成像;MRE,磁共振弹性成像;BMI,身体质量指数。
图 1 疑似MAFLD患者的诊断、评估及疾病严重程度监测推荐流程以及确诊病例的管理方法
Figure 1. Recommended algorithm to diagnose, evaluate, and monitor disease severity in suspected patients with MAFLD and management approach for confirmed cases
表 1 MAFLD的风险因素
Table 1. Risk factors for MAFLD
分类 风险因素 可改变 代谢综合征、超重/肥胖、中心性肥胖、2型糖尿病、
血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗、高血压、高热量/高果糖饮
食、体力活动水平低、肌肉减少症、肌脂肪变性、肠
道菌群失调、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、甲状腺功能
减退不可改变 年龄较大、男性、基因变异(PNPLA3、TM6SF2、GCKR、
MBOAT7、MERTK和HSD17B13)注:PNPLA3,patatin样磷脂酶结构域蛋白3;TM6SF2,跨膜6超家族成员2;GCKR,葡萄糖激酶调节蛋白;MBOAT7,膜结合O-酰基转移酶结构域蛋白7;HSD17B13,羟基类固醇17-β脱氢酶13。
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[1] ESLAM M, SARIN SK, WONG VWS, et al. The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of metabolic associated fatty liver disease[J]. Hepatol Int, 2020, 14( 6): 889- 919. DOI: 10.1007/s12072-020-10094-2. [2] ESLAM M, FAN JG, YU ML, et al. The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease[J]. Hepatol Int, 2025, 19( 2): 261- 301. DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10774-3. -

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