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甲胎蛋白联合前白蛋白对HBV相关慢加急性肝衰竭患者预后的评估价值

陈美娟 李春燕 徐华谦 汤善宏

引用本文:
Citation:

甲胎蛋白联合前白蛋白对HBV相关慢加急性肝衰竭患者预后的评估价值

DOI: 10.12449/JCH250510
基金项目: 

四川省中医药管理局项目 (2023MS458)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2020年7月9日经由中国人民解放军西部战区总医院伦理委员会审批,批号:2020ky005。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:陈美娟负责收集数据,资料分析,撰写论文;李春燕负责数据收集,修改论文;徐华谦负责论文修改,指导研究思路;汤善宏负责指导研究设计,论文修改并最终定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    汤善宏, tangshanhong@swjtu.edu.cn (ORCID: 0000-0001-6652-2942)

Value of alpha-fetoprotein combined with prealbumin in evaluating the prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure

Research funding: 

Project of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2023MS458)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  探索甲胎蛋白(AFP)和前白蛋白(PAB)水平与HBV相关慢加急性肝衰竭(HBV-ACLF)患者90 d预后的关系及不同AFP、PAB水平患者90 d预后差异。  方法  纳入2018年1月—2023年1月在中国人民解放军西部战区总医院住院治疗的HBV-ACLF患者371例,根据出院后90 d随访结果分为生存组(n=216)和死亡组(n=155)。通过病历系统收集患者一般资料及AFP和PAB等相关实验室指标。正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验;多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验。非正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验;多组间比较及进一步两两比较均采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验。计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。采用多因素Logistic回归分析HBV-ACLF患者预后的影响因素。通过AFP和PAB的受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线),确定二者的截断值。应用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,并采用Log-rank检验进行比较。  结果  生存组Hb、PAB、AFP和PLT水平均显著高于死亡组(P值均<0.05);年龄、TBil、WBC、胱抑素、肌酐、尿素、国际标准化比值、MELD评分、Child-Pugh C级患者占比、2级腹水及肝性脑病的发生率均显著低于死亡组(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,PAB(OR=0.985,95%CI:0.972~0.998,P=0.024)、AFP(OR=0.998,95%CI:0.996~1.000,P=0.028)、PLT(OR=0.989,95%CI:0.982~0.996,P=0.003)、年龄(OR=1.046,95%CI:1.018~1.075,P=0.001)、TBil(OR=1.004,95%CI:1.002~1.006,P<0.001)和WBC(OR=1.237,95%CI:1.110~1.379,P<0.001)是HBV-ACLF患者90 d预后的独立影响因素。根据AFP及PAB的ROC曲线截断值将患者分为A组102例(AFP≥73.19 ng/mL且PAB≥22.55 mg/L)、B组170例(AFP≥73.19 ng/mL且PAB<22.55 mg/L;AFP<73.19 ng/mL且PAB≥22.55 mg/L)和C组99例(AFP<73.19 ng/mL且PAB<22.55 mg/L)。3组间比较,年龄、Hb、国际标准化比值、MELD评分及Child-Pugh分级差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。生存曲线分析显示,A组患者90 d累积生存率显著高于B组和C组(χ2=19.825,P<0.001)。  结论  AFP联合PAB能较好地预测HBV-ACLF患者的90 d预后,其中高AFP及高PAB水平的患者90 d病死率更低。

     

  • 图  1  3组患者生存曲线分析

    Figure  1.  Analysis of patient survival curves in three groups

    表  1  两组临床资料比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of clinical data between the two study groups

    项目 生存组(n=216) 死亡组(n=155) 统计值 P
    男/女(例) 184/32 131/24 χ2=0.032 0.884
    年龄(岁) 48.37±12.05 54.57±10.23 t=-4.918 <0.001
    Hb(g/L) 131.00(115.00~147.00) 125.00(107.00~139.00) Z=-3.170 0.002
    PAB(mg/L) 45.55(33.55~65.00) 40.00(21.30~54.00) Z=-3.685 <0.001
    AFP(ng/mL) 68.30(16.41~179.87) 23.01(8.06~68.98) Z=-4.838 <0.001
    PLT(×109/L) 98.00(68.00~127.75) 77.00(52.00~108.00) Z=-3.640 <0.001
    TBil(μmol/L) 270.70(188.89~378.67) 376.90(265.60~496.70) Z=-5.635 <0.001
    ALT(U/L) 427.00(156.42~1 040.47) 364.80(103.00~909.30) Z=-1.284 0.199
    AST(U/L) 336.75(154.35~767.80) 343.30(151.20~1 001.60) Z=-0.404 0.686
    胆汁酸(μmol/L) 226.85(167.59~283.82) 226.35(173.20~282.50) Z=-0.105 0.916
    ALP(U/L) 111.35(75.95~167.62) 94.80(62.70~162.30) Z=-1.611 0.107
    WBC(×109/L) 5.65(4.38~7.57) 6.94(5.36~9.72) Z=-4.553 <0.001
    胱抑素(mg/L) 1.05(0.88~1.21) 1.29(1.01~1.76) Z=-5.117 <0.001
    肌酐(μmol/L) 73.70(64.15~86.00) 80.00(66.90~108.00) Z=-3.487 <0.001
    尿素(mmol/L) 4.38(3.29~5.70) 5.63(4.04~8.22) Z=-4.675 <0.001
    血钾(mmol/L) 3.90(3.58~4.26) 3.91(3.51~4.34) Z=-0.042 0.966
    血钠(mmol/L) 136.42(133.82~138.40) 134.30(130.90~136.80) Z=-4.956 0.064
    HBV DNA载量(log10 IU/mL) 5.00(3.50~6.45) 5.35(3.45~7.13) Z=-0.608 0.543
    INR 1.65(1.52~1.88) 2.09(1.75~2.64) Z=-8.123 <0.001
    Child-Pugh分级[例(%)] χ2=27.927 <0.001
    B级 52(24.07) 6(3.87)
    C级 164(75.93) 149(96.13)
    MELD评分(分) 74.92(72.22~77.24) 78.85(76.02~83.22) Z=-8.309 <0.001
    腹水[例(%)] χ2=34.268 <0.001
    45(20.83) 9(5.81)
    1级 56(25.93) 21(13.55)
    2级 103(47.69) 102(65.81)
    3级 12(5.56) 23(14.84)
    肝性脑病[例(%)] χ2=88.662 <0.001
    198(91.67) 76(49.03)
    1~2级 16(7.41) 46(29.68)
    3~4级 2(0.93) 33(21.29)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  多因素Logistic回归分析HBV-ACLF患者90 d预后影响因素

    Table  2.   Binary Logistic regression analysis of the outcome factors of HBV-ACLF 90 days

    项目 B SE Wald P OR(95%CI
    Hb(g/L) 0.002 0.008 0.045 0.832 1.002(0.986~1.017)
    年龄(岁) 0.045 0.014 10.351 0.001 1.046(1.018~1.075)
    PAB(mg/L) -0.015 0.007 5.094 0.024 0.985(0.972~0.998)
    AFP(ng/mL) -0.002 0.001 4.840 0.028 0.998(0.996~1.000)
    PLT(×109/L) -0.011 0.004 8.529 0.003 0.989(0.982~0.996)
    TBil(μmol/L) 0.004 0.001 15.733 <0.001 1.004(1.002~1.006)
    WBC(×109/L) 0.213 0.055 14.797 <0.001 1.237(1.110~1.379)
    INR 0.078 0.099 0.614 0.433 1.081(0.890~1.313)
    胱抑素(mg/L) 0.139 0.511 0.074 0.785 1.150(0.422~3.133)
    肌酐(μmol/L) 0.002 0.005 0.110 0.741 1.002(0.992~1.011)
    尿素(mmol/L) -0.004 0.007 0.243 0.622 0.996(0.982~1.011)
    常量 -4.109 1.473 7.785 0.005 0.016
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  3组HBV-ACLF患者临床特征比较

    Table  3.   Baseline characteristics of the HBV-ACLF patients in the three groups

    项目 总计(n=371) A组(n=102) B组(n=170) C组(n=99) 统计值 P
    男/女(例) 315/56 90/12 147/23 78/21 χ2=4.098 0.129
    年龄(岁) 51.00(44.00~60.00) 47.50(40.00~54.25) 52.00(46.00~61.25)1) 56.00(48.00~64.00)1) H=12.962 0.002
    Hb(g/L) 126.50±23.96 132.66±22.09 123.97±24.651) 119.95±22.831)2) F=8.238 <0.001
    PLT(×109/L) 90.00(61.00~120.00) 90.00(69.00~128.00) 91.50(59.50~119.00) 76.00(51.00~116.00) H=0.248 0.883
    TBil(μmol/L) 305.80(210.60~424.16) 313.95(217.97~429.14) 291.00(194.95~410.23) 382.02(256.63~431.18) H=1.120 0.571
    ALT(U/L) 415.10(140.50~1 003.70) 411.30(185.52~965.25) 444.50(85.97~1 021.05) 399.70(103.00~992.20) H=0.454 0.797
    AST(U/L) 342.40(152.00~848.40) 251.90(158.17~429.14) 380.85(139.95~410.23) 465.70(152.00~1 038.60) H=4.215 0.122
    胆汁酸(μmol/L) 226.35(168.17~283.00) 232.40(174.50~272.69) 213.75(158.77~287.40) 238.80(178.56~272.60) H=1.304 0.521
    ALP(U/L) 104.90(67.70~163.80) 102.05(76.85~141.07) 117.05(70.02~182.32) 67.60(49.10~147.80) H=3.109 0.211
    WBC(×109/L) 6.18(4.69~8.15) 6.08(4.54~8.11) 6.27(4.84~8.28) 6.46(4.62~7.99) H=1.906 0.386
    肌酐(μmol/L) 4.79(3.46~6.55) 74.80(65.00~88.45) 75.65(64.82~89.00) 85.00(62.20~110.00) H=1.149 0.563
    尿素(mmol/L) 76.00(65.00~90.10) 4.49(3.29~5.83) 4.88(3.50~6.95) 1.19(1.03~1.73) H=1.706 0.426
    血钠(mmol/L) 135.40(132.50~138.10) 136.25(133.87~138.41) 135.25(132.17~137.92) 134.50(131.00~136.20) H=5.568 0.062
    血钾(mmol/L) 3.91(3.55~4.30) 3.90(3.58~4.28) 3.90(3.54~4.30) 3.96(3.55~4.35) H=0.500 0.779
    胱抑素(mg/L) 1.11(0.96~1.42) 1.07(0.88~1.35) 1.11(0.95~1.43) 1.13(0.98~1.51) H=1.585 0.453
    HBV DNA载量(log10 IU/mL) 5.05(3.48~6.75) 4.96(3.81~6.32) 5.19(3.30~7.05) 5.20(3.35~7.00) H=0.447 0.800
    INR 1.80(1.57~2.18) 1.65(1.49~1.96) 1.81(1.59~2.17)1) 2.00(1.66~2.49)1)2) H=16.164 <0.001
    Child-Pugh分级[例(%)] χ2=17.504 <0.001
    B级 58(15.63) 27(26.47) 26(15.29)1) 5(5.05)1)2)
    C级 313(84.37) 75(73.53) 144(84.71)1) 94(94.95)1)2)
    MELD评分(分) 76.32(73.13~79.85) 75.09(72.73~78.83) 76.18(73.15~80.19) 77.35(74.46~80.84)1) H=11.150 0.004

    注:与A组比较,1)P<0.05;与B组比较,2)P<0.05。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  3组间90 d生存率的比较

    Table  4.   Pairwise comparisons of 90-day survival among the three groups

    组别 例数 生存[例(%)] 死亡[例(%)]
    A组 102 75(73.53) 27(26.47)
    B组 170 97(57.06)1) 73(42.94)1)
    C组 99 44(44.44)1)2) 55(55.56)1)2)

    注:与A组比较,1)P<0.05;与B组比较,2)P<0.05。

    下载: 导出CSV
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