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恩替卡韦与富马酸丙酚替诺福韦初治慢性乙型肝炎患者的肾功能变化比较及影响因素分析

马仕鹏 余燕青 邬小萍 王亮 刘丽萍 张愈靓 万欣 葛善飞

引用本文:
Citation:

恩替卡韦与富马酸丙酚替诺福韦初治慢性乙型肝炎患者的肾功能变化比较及影响因素分析

DOI: 10.12449/JCH250107
基金项目: 

江西省卫生健康委科技计划 (202310304)

伦理学声明:本研究方案经由南昌大学第一附属医院伦理委员会审批,批号:(2023)CDYFYYLK(01-006)。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:马仕鹏负责数据收集整理,撰写论文;余燕青、邬小萍负责指导和审阅文章;王亮、刘丽萍、张愈靓、万欣负责数据收集;葛善飞负责研究设计,指导写作思路并最后定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    葛善飞, geshanfei2010@163.com (ORCID: 0000-0002-5917-5863)

Changes in renal function in chronic hepatitis B patients treated initially with entecavir versus tenofovir alafenamide fumarate and related influencing factors

Research funding: 

Science and Technology Program of Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission (202310304)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  分析比较恩替卡韦(ETV)与富马酸丙酚替诺福韦(TAF)对初治慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者肾功能的影响。  方法  回顾性分析2019年9月—2023年11月于南昌大学第一附属医院感染科门诊接受ETV或TAF治疗至少48周的167例初治CHB患者临床资料。根据患者抗病毒药物分为ETV组(n=117)和TAF组(n=50)。为均衡基线临床资料,采用倾向性评分匹配(PSM)按照2∶1比例进行匹配分析,比较两组患者48周时肾小球滤过率(eGFR)水平及肾功能异常发生率。根据患者48周eGFR水平将患者分为肾功能正常组和异常组。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验;计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验。采用多因素Logistic回归分析发生肾功能异常的影响因素,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评估各指标预测发生肾功能异常的效能。采用Kaplan-Meier法分析肾功能异常累积发生率,并应用Log-rank检验进行比较。采用重复测量资料的方差分析比较CHB患者抗病毒治疗期间eGFR动态变化情况。  结果  PSM成功匹配150例CHB患者,其中ETV组100例,TAF组50例。基线时,ETV组和TAF组一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),两组患者基线eGFR分别为(112.29±9.92) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2和(114.72±12.15) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2。48周时两组患者eGFR水平较基线均有下降,ETV组48周eGFR明显低于TAF组[(106.42±14.12) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 vs (112.25±13.44) mL·min-1·1.73 m-2t=-2.422,P=0.017],肾功能异常发生率明显高于TAF组(17.00% vs 4.00%,χ2=5.092,P=0.024)。将患者分为肾功能正常组(n=131)与异常组(n=19)后,单因素分析结果显示,两组患者年龄(Z=-2.039,P=0.041)、治疗药物(ETV/TAF)(χ2=5.092,P=0.024)、基线eGFR水平(t=4.023,P<0.001)差异均有统计学意义;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,基线eGFR(OR=0.896,95%CI:0.841~0.955,P<0.001)和治疗药物(OR=5.589,95%CI:1.136~27.492,P=0.034)是发生肾功能异常的独立影响因素。基线eGFR预测CHB患者发生肾功能异常的ROC曲线下面积为0.781,cut-off值为105.24 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2,敏感度和特异度分别为73.68%、82.44%。Kaplan-Meier曲线分析结果显示,基线eGFR≤105.24 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2组患者肾功能异常累积发生率高于基线eGFR>105.24 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2组患者(χ2=22.330,P<0.001);ETV组患者肾功能异常累积发生率高于TAF组患者(χ2=4.961,P=0.026)。随着抗病毒治疗启动,ETV组和TAF组患者eGFR均降低(F=5.259,P<0.001),但仅在48周时ETV组eGFR水平明显低于TAF组(t=-2.422,P=0.017);在基线eGFR≤105.24 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2和基线eGFR>105.24 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2的两组患者中,eGFR亦下降(F=5.712,P<0.001),且基线及第12、24、36、48周两组患者eGFR比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-13.927、-9.780、-8.835、-9.489、-8.953,P值均<0.001)。  结论  对于ETV或TAF初治的CHB患者,ETV抗病毒治疗48周时的肾损伤风险高于TAF治疗。

     

  • 图  1  基线eGFR预测CHB患者发生肾功能异常的ROC曲线

    Figure  1.  ROC curve for baseline eGFR predicting the occurrence of renal function abnormalities in CHB patients

    注: a,不同治疗药物患者肾功能异常累积发生率;b,不同基线eGFR患者肾功能异常累积发生率。

    图  2  不同分组的CHB患者肾功能异常累积发生率

    Figure  2.  Cumulative incidence of renal function abnormalities in different groups of patients with chronic hepatitis B

    注: a,不同治疗药物患者各时间点eGFR水平;b,不同基线eGFR患者各时间点eGFR水平。*P<0.05。

    图  3  不同分组的CHB患者eGFR动态变化

    Figure  3.  Dynamic changes in eGFR in different groups of patients with chronic hepatitis B

    表  1  两组CHB患者PSM前后基线资料及特征比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of baseline clinical data and characteristics before and after propensity score matching in patients with chronic hepatitis B in the two groups

    指标 匹配前 匹配后
    ETV组(n=117) TAF组(n=50) P ETV组(n=100) TAF组(n=50) P
    年龄(岁) 35(30~44) 34(29~41) 0.239 35(30~44) 34(29~41) 0.435
    男[例(%)] 72(61.54) 29(58.00) 0.668 60(60.00) 29(58.00) 0.814
    BMI(kg/m2 22.86±3.21 22.76±3.53 0.855 22.98±3.10 22.76±3.53 0.698
    HBV DNA(log10 IU/mL) 5.19(3.40~7.47) 5.04(3.59~7.69) 0.461 5.55(3.37~7.68) 5.04(3.59~7.69) 0.886
    HBsAg(log10 IU/mL) 3.31(2.47~3.86) 3.68(2.82~4.32) 0.043 3.39(2.94~3.95) 3.68(2.82~4.32) 0.235
    HBeAg阳性[例(%)] 53(45.30) 30(60.00) 0.082 51(51.00) 30(60.00) 0.297
    TBil(μmol/L) 17.5(12.1~31.9) 15.0(12.0~34.4) 0.780 17.4(12.1~31.6) 15.0(12.0~34.4) 0.881
    Alb(g/L) 44.8(40.3~47.4) 42.8(38.7~46.0) 0.063 44.8(39.6~47.2) 42.8(38.7~46.0) 0.100
    ALT(U/L) 51.0(28.3~118.7) 64.6(25.9~112.9) 0.474 52.6(33.1~134.7) 64.6(25.9~112.9) 0.949
    AST(U/L) 35.6(27.8~77.2) 42.0(26.2~90.3) 0.650 36.9(28.5~96.5) 42.0(26.2~90.3) 0.957
    GGT(U/L) 29.0(16.2~58.0) 38.0(17.5~91.3) 0.237 29.3(17.0~59.0) 38.0(17.5~91.3) 0.384
    ALP(U/L) 78.0(66.0~100.6) 82.5(63.1~100.9) 0.768 79.8(70.2~103.8) 82.5(63.1~100.9) 0.833
    TG(mmol/L) 1.21(0.82~1.72) 1.13(0.79~1.70) 0.631 1.15(0.82~1.67) 1.13(0.79~1.70) 0.806
    TC(mmol/L) 4.19(3.45~4.77) 4.63(3.70~5.46) 0.069 4.18(3.51~4.78) 4.63(3.70~5.46) 0.104
    FBG(mmol/L) 4.97(4.61~5.34) 4.88(4.40~5.29) 0.403 5.00(4.61~5.40) 4.88(4.40~5.29) 0.348
    SCr(μmol/L) 66.29±12.39 64.82±15.69 0.520 66.63±12.46 64.82±15.69 0.445
    eGFR(mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 112.41±9.87 114.72±12.15 0.198 112.29±9.92 114.72±12.15 0.192
    BUN(mmol/L) 4.10(3.50~4.90) 3.95(3.13~4.83) 0.164 4.10(3.50~4.90) 3.95(3.13~4.83) 0.173
    Hb(g/L) 145(134~159) 143(131~155) 0.331 146(135~159) 143(131~155) 0.651
    PLT(×109/L) 191±56 200±56 0.337 193±56 200±56 0.468
    LSM(kPa) 7.1(6.1~10.3) 6.2(5.5~9.8) 0.113 7.1(6.1~10.3) 6.2(5.5~9.8) 0.105
    肝硬化[例(%)] 10(8.55) 7(14.00) 0.286 8(8.00) 7(14.00) 0.248

    注:TG,甘油三酯;TC,总胆固醇;FBG,空腹血糖;BUN,尿素氮。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  ETV组和TAF组患者48周临床资料比较

    Table  2.   Comparison of 48-week clinical data between patients in the ETV and TAF groups

    指标 合计(n=150) ETV组(n=100) TAF组(n=50) 统计值 P
    HBV DNA低于检测值下限[例(%)] 111(74.00) 73(73.00) 38(76.00) χ2=0.156 0.693
    HBsAg(log10 IU/mL) 3.24(2.84~3.59) 3.27(2.95~3.58) 3.18(2.59~3.66) Z=-1.196 0.232
    HBeAg阳性[例(%)] 68(45.33) 45(45.00) 23(46.00) χ2=0.013 0.908
    TBil(μmol/L) 14.5(11.0~17.9) 14.1(9.8~17.5) 15.3(12.0~19.7) Z=-1.718 0.086
    Alb(g/L) 45.5(43.3~47.3) 45.7(44.0~47.2) 44.5(42.3~47.7) Z=-0.833 0.405
    ALT(U/L) 23.5(16.9~31.8) 23.9(16.6~32.5) 23.4(18.0~34.7) Z=-0.419 0.675
    AST(U/L) 24.2(19.8~31.8) 25.3(19.6~31.9) 23.8(20.6~30.4) Z=-0.128 0.898
    GGT(U/L) 21.0(14.0~34.0) 21.7(15.0~34.0) 20.5(11.8~35.3) Z=-0.818 0.414
    ALP(U/L) 77.9(62.3~87.3) 77.4(62.8~88.7) 79.3(61.2~85.1) Z=-0.126 0.900
    TG(mmol/L) 1.22(0.95~1.70) 1.20(0.93~1.69) 1.23(0.95~1.75) Z=-0.413 0.680
    TC(mmol/L) 4.37(3.77~5.01) 4.37(3.80~5.00) 4.36(3.74~5.32) Z=-0.177 0.859
    FBG(mmol/L) 5.00(4.69~5.43) 4.95(4.64~5.45) 5.11(4.71~5.39) Z=-1.012 0.311
    SCr(μmol/L) 70.43±14.35 71.67±13.85 67.94±15.14 t=1.506 0.134
    eGFR异常[例(%)] 19(12.67) 17(17.00) 2(4.00) χ2=5.092 0.024
    eGFR(mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 108.37±14.12 106.42±14.12 112.25±13.44 t=-2.422 0.017
    BUN(mmol/L) 4.34±1.09 4.42±1.11 4.17±1.04 t=1.334 0.184
    Hb(g/L) 146(135~158) 146(134~158) 147(135~159) Z=-0.036 0.971
    PLT(×109/L) 195±62 191±67 203±52 t=1.224 0.223
    LSM(kPa) 6.7(5.6~8.4) 6.8(5.6~8.5) 6.5(5.6~7.9) Z=-0.706 0.480
    肝硬化[例(%)] 15(10.00) 10(10.00) 5(10.00) χ2=0.000 >0.05
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  肾功能正常组及异常组CHB患者基线临床资料及特征比较

    Table  3.   Comparison of baseline clinical data and characteristics between patients with normal and abnormal renal function in chronic hepatitis B groups

    指标 合计(n=150) 肾功能正常组(n=131) 肾功能异常组(n=19) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 35(30~42) 34(29~41) 39(31~46) Z=-2.039 0.041
    男[例(%)] 89(59.33) 81(61.83) 8(42.11) χ2=2.676 0.102
    BMI(kg/m2 22.91±3.24 22.95±3.18 22.63±3.75 t=0.395 0.694
    HBV DNA(log10 IU/mL) 5.54(3.52~7.67) 5.56(3.59~7.73) 5.29(2.96~7.45) Z=-0.833 0.405
    HBsAg(log10 IU/mL) 3.45(2.92~4.08) 3.40(2.93~4.24) 3.49(2.76~3.75) Z=0.500 0.617
    HBeAg阳性[例(%)] 81(54.00) 72(54.96) 9(47.37) χ2=0.385 0.535
    TBil(μmol/L) 16.8(12.0~31.8) 17.3(12.3~33.9) 13.8(9.0~24.7) Z=-1.545 0.122
    Alb(g/L) 44.0(39.3~47.1) 44.1(39.4~47.1) 43.9(36.7~46.4) Z=-0.670 0.503
    ALT(U/L) 54.0(32.0~129.5) 56.5(34.2~134.0) 38.8(24.4~103.0) Z=-1.503 0.133
    AST(U/L) 38.7(28.4~92.8) 39.3(28.5~95.0) 34.2(24.0~77.5) Z=-1.011 0.312
    GGT(U/L) 31.2(17.0~67.3) 32.0(18.0~75.0) 21.0(13.0~59.0) Z=-1.427 0.154
    ALP(U/L) 80.6(67.1~102.5) 80.9(67.5~103.0) 77.5(63.7~94.9) Z=-0.848 0.397
    TG(mmol/L) 1.14(0.81~1.69) 1.14(0.82~1.74) 1.03(0.74~1.48) Z=1.043 0.297
    TC(mmol/L) 4.35(3.55~5.08) 4.27(3.50~4.97) 4.50(3.98~5.41) Z=-1.681 0.093
    FBG(mmol/L) 4.99(4.48~5.36) 4.97(4.46~5.32) 5.00(4.52~5.43) Z=-0.576 0.564
    eGFR(mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 113.10±10.73 114.38±10.39 104.28±8.95 t=4.023 <0.001
    Hb(g/L) 145(134~158) 144(135~157) 146(124~163) Z=-0.249 0.804
    PLT(×109/L) 195±56 197±55 181±62 t=1.177 0.241
    LSM(kPa) 6.9(5.8~10.0) 6.9(5.7~10.0) 6.9(6.1~10.6) Z=-0.774 0.439
    肝硬化[例(%)] 15(10.00) 12(9.16) 3(15.79) 0.408
    治疗药物[例(%)] χ2=5.092 0.024
    ETV 100(66.67) 83(63.36) 17(89.47)
    TAF 50(33.33) 48(36.64) 2(10.53)
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-05-28
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